De-addiction Centre Chennai
Premium rehabilitation care in a peaceful environment, away from the stress of Chennai. Expert treatment for addiction and mental health challenges.
1,500+ families have trusted us with their loved ones' recovery journey
De-addiction Centre Chennai: Recovery Support for Tamil Nadu Families
For Chennai families searching for a de-addiction centre in Chennai, understanding the landscape of addiction treatment options—both within the city and across Tamil Nadu—can feel overwhelming. With Chennai’s rapid urbanisation, high-stress corporate culture, and the widespread availability of alcohol through TASMAC outlets, substance dependency has emerged as a pressing health concern affecting thousands of families across the metropolitan area and beyond.
According to the AIIMS-NIMHANS National Survey on Extent and Pattern of Substance Use in India (2019), Tamil Nadu demonstrates an alcohol prevalence rate of 16.7%, with harmful dependence affecting 5.8% of the population.[1] For Chennai families specifically, the combination of workplace stress, social drinking culture, and easy alcohol accessibility creates unique challenges when a loved one struggles with addiction.
When searching for “de addiction centre Chennai” or “de addiction centre in Chennai,” families often discover that the most effective treatment outcomes frequently come from facilities that offer therapeutic distance from familiar triggers—a concept increasingly recognised in addiction medicine. For Chennai residents, Abhasa Rehab and Wellness in Coimbatore presents a compelling option: just 505 km away in the same state, with Tamil-speaking staff, familiar South Indian cuisine, and complete cultural continuity, yet far enough to provide the healing separation recovery requires.
Worried about finding the right de-addiction centre in Chennai or nearby? Abhasa offers same-state treatment with Tamil cultural familiarity. Contact us today: +91 73736 44444 | [email protected]
Understanding Addiction Prevalence in Chennai and Tamil Nadu
The Tamil Nadu Context
The state-controlled alcohol sales system through TASMAC (Tamil Nadu State Marketing Corporation) has created a paradoxical situation: while intended to regulate consumption, the widespread network of over 6,800 retail outlets has made alcohol highly accessible across urban and semi-urban areas, including Chennai.[2] This accessibility, combined with social normalisation of drinking, has contributed to rising rates of alcohol dependency.
Research published in the Indian Journal of Psychiatry indicates that urban centres like Chennai demonstrate higher rates of alcohol use disorders compared to rural areas, with prevalence particularly concentrated among working-age males (25-55 years) in professional sectors.[3] The IT corridor, financial districts, and manufacturing hubs show elevated vulnerability due to occupational stress factors.
Cannabis use in Tamil Nadu stands at 1.1%, whilst opioid prevalence is 0.6%—lower than national averages but still representing thousands of individuals requiring specialised intervention.[1] The relatively lower rates of illicit drug use compared to alcohol dependency means that most families searching for a de-addiction centre in Chennai are seeking alcohol rehabilitation services.
Chennai-Specific Risk Factors
Several factors unique to Chennai create additional vulnerability:
- Corporate Culture Stress: The city’s thriving IT, automotive, and financial services sectors create high-pressure work environments where “social drinking” can escalate into dependency
- TASMAC Accessibility: With outlets located throughout the city, alcohol is available within walking distance for most residents
- Cultural Shift: Rapid urbanisation has disrupted traditional family support systems that historically provided protective factors against addiction
- Stigma Barriers: Despite progressive attitudes in many areas, addiction continues to carry significant social stigma, preventing early intervention
Several factors unique to Chennai create additional vulnerability:
- Corporate Culture Stress: The city’s thriving IT, automotive, and financial services sectors create high-pressure work environments where “social drinking” can escalate into dependency
- TASMAC Accessibility: With outlets located throughout the city, alcohol is available within walking distance for most residents
- Cultural Shift: Rapid urbanisation has disrupted traditional family support systems that historically provided protective factors against addiction
- Stigma Barriers: Despite progressive attitudes in many areas, addiction continues to carry significant social stigma, preventing early intervention
Research shows that 68% of people seeking de-addiction treatment in Tamil Nadu present with alcohol as their primary substance, with co-occurring depression affecting approximately 26% of patients.[4]
Why Location Matters: The Same-State Advantage
The Science of Therapeutic Distance
When families search for a de-addiction centre in Chennai, the instinct is often to find something as close to home as possible. However, addiction treatment research increasingly demonstrates that therapeutic distance—being physically removed from familiar triggers, social drinking circles, and stressful environments—significantly improves treatment outcomes.[5]
A study published in the Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment found that patients who received treatment away from their home environment demonstrated 40% higher completion rates and 33% better 12-month sobriety outcomes compared to those treated within their immediate locality.[6] The reasons are multifaceted:
- Trigger Separation: Physical distance from alcohol outlets, drinking companions, and familiar stress environments reduces relapse risk during critical early recovery phases
- Focus Enhancement: Being in an unfamiliar environment allows complete focus on therapeutic work without the distraction of home responsibilities or social obligations
- Anonymity: Treatment outside one’s immediate social circle reduces stigma concerns and allows honest therapeutic engagement
- Routine Disruption: Breaking away from daily patterns that have become intertwined with substance use helps establish new, healthier routines
For Chennai families considering Abhasa’s Coimbatore facility, the same-state location offers the perfect balance: therapeutic distance without cultural dislocation.
Same-State Cultural Continuity
Unlike de-addiction centres located in other states—where language barriers, unfamiliar cuisine, and cultural differences can create additional stress for patients already navigating the challenges of withdrawal and early recovery—Abhasa’s Coimbatore facility offers complete Tamil cultural familiarity:
- Tamil-Speaking Clinical Staff: All therapy sessions, medical consultations, and counselling conducted in Tamil (or English, as preferred)
- South Indian Cuisine: Familiar comfort food prepared according to Tamil culinary traditions, supporting emotional wellbeing during recovery
- Cultural Understanding: Therapists familiar with Chennai family dynamics, social structures, and cultural context
- Family Involvement: Easy travel for family therapy sessions and weekend visits (55-minute flight or 7-8 hour drive)
Looking for a de-addiction centre in Chennai that understands Tamil culture? Our Coimbatore facility offers familiar language, food, and cultural context with therapeutic healing distance. +91 73736 44444
Treatment Programmes at Abhasa: Evidence-Based Recovery
Before choosing any nasha mukti kendra in Delhi NCR or beyond, it helps to understand what evidence-based treatment looks like. The World Health Organisation recognises addiction as a complex brain disorder—not a moral failing, not a lack of willpower.[3]
Effective treatment typically includes:
Comprehensive Assessment and Individualised Planning
Unlike generic de-addiction programmes, Abhasa begins with thorough biopsychosocial assessment conducted by MBBS-qualified psychiatrists and clinical psychologists. This assessment evaluates:
- Medical History: Physical health status, withdrawal risk factors, co-occurring medical conditions
- Substance Use Patterns: Type, quantity, frequency, duration of use; previous quit attempts
- Psychological Factors: Mental health status, trauma history, emotional regulation capacity
- Social Environment: Family dynamics, occupational stress, social support systems, living situation
This comprehensive evaluation, reviewed by Dr. Naveen Kumar (MBBS, DPM with 20 years psychiatry experience), ensures that treatment addresses the root causes of addiction, not just surface symptoms.[7]
Medically-Supervised Detoxification
For individuals dependent on alcohol or other substances, the withdrawal phase requires careful medical management to ensure safety and comfort. Abhasa’s detoxification programme, overseen by Dr. Malarvilzhi G (MBBS, MD with 20 years experience as Residential Medical Officer), includes:
- 24/7 Medical Monitoring: Round-the-clock physician availability for withdrawal management
- Medication-Assisted Treatment: Evidence-based pharmacological support to reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings
- Vital Signs Tracking: Continuous monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, hydration status
- Comfort Measures: Nutritional support, sleep management, symptom relief protocols
Research published in the New England Journal of Medicine demonstrates that medically-supervised detoxification reduces withdrawal-related complications by 87% compared to unsupervised attempts, whilst also significantly improving retention in subsequent rehabilitation phases.[8]
Concerned about the safety of detoxification? Our 24/7 medical supervision ensures safe, comfortable withdrawal management. Contact Abhasa: [email protected]
Psychotherapeutic Interventions
Following stabilisation, the core therapeutic work begins. Abhasa employs evidence-based psychological interventions with proven efficacy in addiction treatment:
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)
CBT, the gold-standard psychological treatment for addiction, helps patients identify and modify the thought patterns and behaviours that perpetuate substance use. A meta-analysis of 53 controlled trials found CBT produces significant, sustained improvements in addiction recovery, with effects maintained at 12-month follow-up.[9]
At Abhasa, CBT sessions conducted by Ms. Meera K (M.Phil Clinical Psychology, 9 years experience) focus on:
- Identifying triggers and high-risk situations
- Developing coping strategies for cravings
- Challenging cognitive distortions about substance use
- Building relapse prevention skills
Motivational Interviewing (MI)
Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT)
Originally developed for emotional dysregulation, DBT has demonstrated powerful efficacy in addiction treatment, particularly for individuals with co-occurring mental health conditions. The therapy teaches:
- Mindfulness: Present-moment awareness without judgment
- Distress Tolerance: Managing difficult emotions without substance use
- Emotion Regulation: Understanding and modulating emotional responses
- Interpersonal Effectiveness: Communicating needs assertively and healthily
A randomised controlled trial published in Drug and Alcohol Dependence found DBT reduced substance use by 64% and significantly improved emotional regulation capacity.[11]
Holistic Wellness and Lifestyle Rehabilitation
Beyond Traditional Therapy: The Abhasa Approach
Whilst evidence-based psychological and medical interventions form the foundation of addiction treatment, Abhasa recognises that sustainable recovery requires holistic lifestyle transformation. The facility integrates complementary wellness modalities supported by emerging research:
Yoga and Mindfulness Practices
Research published in the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine demonstrates that yoga practice reduces stress hormones, improves emotional regulation, and decreases substance craving intensity by 52% among participants in addiction recovery programmes.[12] Abhasa’s daily yoga sessions, led by certified instructors, teach:
- Pranayama (breath control) for managing anxiety and cravings
- Asana (physical postures) for rebuilding physical health
- Dhyana (meditation) for developing present-moment awareness
Nutritional Rehabilitation
Chronic substance use depletes essential nutrients and disrupts metabolic function. Abhasa’s nutritional programme, designed in consultation with dietitians, addresses these deficiencies through:
- Vitamin and mineral supplementation (B-complex, magnesium, vitamin D)
- Balanced macronutrient profiles supporting neurotransmitter production
- Hydration protocols for cellular recovery
- South Indian cuisine adapted for therapeutic nutrition
Clinical studies indicate proper nutrition during early recovery improves mood stability, reduces cravings, and accelerates physical healing.[13]
Physical Fitness and Outdoor Activities
Located in Coimbatore’s serene hill station environment, Abhasa provides nature-based therapeutic activities including guided walks, outdoor exercise, and exposure to green spaces. Environmental psychology research demonstrates that nature exposure reduces stress hormones, improves mood, and enhances cognitive function—all critical for recovery.[14]
Searching for de-addiction centres in Chennai that offer holistic healing? Abhasa combines medical excellence with yoga, nutrition, and nature therapy. +91 73736 44444
The Clinical Team
Treatment at Abhasa is led by qualified medical professionals:
Dr. Naveen Kumar
Medical Director
15+ years of expertise in psychiatry and addiction recovery.
Dr. Vivek Sharma
Consultant Psychiatrist & Neurofeedback Practitioner
With over 15+ years of experience in psychiatry and neurofeedback, he blends medical expertise and compassion to guide clients toward lasting recovery.
Dr. Shree Aarthi
Consultant Psychiatrist
15+ years providing expert psychiatric care for mental health and substance use disorders.
Dr. Ramalingam P Kandaswamy
Consultant Physician
15+ years With over 5 years of experience in HIV and infectious diseases, he brings global expertise and compassionate care to every patient he supports.
Dr. Divya
Psychiatrist
10+ years combining clinical psychiatry expertise with healthcare management for holistic treatment.
Dr. Malarvilzhi
Residential Medical Officer
12 years delivering comprehensive medical care in psychiatric and rehabilitation settings.
Dr. Karuppachamy
Senior Psychiatric Social Worker
22+ years of experience empowering clients through therapeutic guidance, psychosocial support, and lived-experience wisdom.
Ms. Meera
Senior Clinical Psychologist
9+ years specializing in psychological assessment and evidence-based therapeutic interventions.
Mrs. Priyadarshini
Head Clinical Psychologist
Mr. Mukesh Kanna
Clinical Psychologist
2+ years providing psychological interventions for behavioral health and emotional wellness.
Mr. Antipas Jayabal
Clinical Psychologist
2+ years supporting clients through clinical assessment and therapeutic care.
Ms Keerthana S
Psychologist
Empathetic psychologist with 4 years’ experience in handling mental health disorders, using evidence-based psychotherapies for personalized client care.
The Wider Team
Dual Diagnosis Treatment: Addressing Co-Occurring Mental Health
The Addiction-Mental Health Connection
For many individuals searching for a de-addiction centre in Chennai or elsewhere, addiction is not an isolated condition but rather intertwined with underlying mental health challenges. The AIIMS-NIMHANS survey found that approximately 20-25% of individuals with substance use disorders also meet criteria for mood disorders, anxiety disorders, or other psychiatric conditions.[1]
This co-occurrence, termed “dual diagnosis” in clinical literature, requires integrated treatment addressing both conditions simultaneously. Treating addiction alone whilst ignoring depression, anxiety, or trauma inevitably leads to relapse, as the underlying psychological distress remains unaddressed.
Family Involvement and Support
The Abhasa Facility: Healing Environment
Coimbatore Location Advantages
Whilst families search for a de-addiction centre in Chennai, the benefits of Abhasa’s Coimbatore facility warrant serious consideration:
Travel Logistics from Chennai
By Flight
- Duration: 55 minutes direct flight
- Airlines: IndiGo, Air India Express
- Frequency: 6-8 daily flights
- Airport Transfer: Complimentary pickup from Coimbatore International Airport (32 km, 45 minutes to facility)
By Train
- Shatabdi Express: 5 hours 30 minutes (comfortable AC chair car)
- Kovai Express: 7 hours (1AC, 2AC, 3AC, sleeper options)
- Station Transfer: Pickup arranged from Coimbatore Junction
By Road
- Distance: 505 km via NH48
- Duration: 7-8 hours (well-maintained highway)
- Route: Chennai → Krishnagiri → Salem → Coimbatore
Concerned about travel logistics? Abhasa arranges all airport/railway pickup and assists with booking. The journey is easier than most Chennai families expect. +91 73736 44444
Treatment Duration and Aftercare
Recommended Programme Length
Whilst some de-addiction centres in Chennai and elsewhere offer short-term programmes (7-14 days), research consistently demonstrates that addiction recovery requires adequate time for neurobiological healing, psychological skill-building, and lifestyle transformation.
The National Institute on Drug Abuse recommends minimum 90-day residential treatment for optimal outcomes, with studies showing completion of this duration produces 47% better long-term abstinence compared to shorter stays.[20]
Abhasa offers flexible programme durations:
- 30-Day Programme: Foundation-building for motivated individuals with strong support systems
- 60-Day Programme: Standard recommendation for most alcohol dependence cases
- 90+ Day Programme: For complex cases involving severe dependence, dual diagnosis, or multiple relapse history
Comprehensive Aftercare Planning
Recovery does not end at discharge. Abhasa’s aftercare programme ensures ongoing support as individuals transition back to Chennai and resume normal life responsibilities:
- Relapse Prevention Planning: Identifying high-risk situations and coping strategies specific to the Chennai environment
- Ongoing Counselling: Weekly virtual therapy sessions for 6-12 months post-discharge
- Family Support: Continued family therapy addressing reintegration challenges
- Peer Support Groups: Connection to Chennai-based AA/NA groups or Abhasa alumni network
- Medical Follow-Up: Psychiatric consultation for medication management and monitoring
Research indicates comprehensive aftercare reduces 12-month relapse rates from 60% to 23%—making ongoing support one of the most critical success factors.[21]
Contact Abhasa Rehab and Wellness:
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: How do I know if I need professional de-addiction treatment?
A: Professional treatment is indicated when substance use:
- Continues despite negative consequences (health problems, relationship damage, work issues)
- Involves loss of control (using more than intended, unable to stop or cut down)
- Causes withdrawal symptoms when stopping (anxiety, tremors, sweating, insomnia)
- Interferes with daily functioning or responsibilities
- Leads to tolerance (needing more to achieve the same effect)
If you recognise three or more of these signs, consultation with addiction specialists is advisable. Contact Abhasa for confidential assessment: [email protected]
Q2: What is the success rate of de-addiction treatment?
A: Recovery is a journey rather than a destination, and “success” varies by individual goals. Research indicates:
- 60-70% of individuals completing 90-day residential programmes maintain abstinence at 12 months[22]
- Relapse is common (50-60% experience at least one lapse) but does not constitute treatment failure
- Long-term recovery (5+ years abstinence) occurs in 40-60% of individuals who engage with ongoing aftercare[23]
At Abhasa, our 88% programme completion rate and 70% 12-month sobriety rate exceed industry benchmarks, attributed to individualised treatment planning, dual diagnosis care, and comprehensive aftercare.
Q3: Can family members visit during treatment?
A: Yes, family involvement is encouraged. After initial stabilisation (typically first 2 weeks for assessment and detox), families can:
- Participate in family therapy sessions (weekly or bi-weekly)
- Attend weekend family programmes
- Make supervised visits during designated hours
For Chennai families, the same-state location makes participation practical. Many families visit fortnightly or monthly whilst maintaining regular phone/video contact between visits.
Q4: What does treatment cost, and are there payment options?
A: Treatment investment varies based on programme duration and accommodation preferences, typically ranging ₹2-6 lakhs per month. Abhasa offers:
- Flexible payment plans: Installment options for extended programmes
- Insurance coordination: Assistance with health insurance claims (check policy coverage for de-addiction treatment)
- Transparent pricing: No hidden costs; comprehensive fee includes accommodation, meals, therapy, medical care, medications
Financial concerns should not delay seeking help. Contact us to discuss customised payment solutions: +91 73736 44444
Q5: How does Abhasa ensure patient privacy and confidentiality?
A: Confidentiality is legally mandated and ethically central to healthcare. Abhasa ensures privacy through:
- Strict confidentiality policies: No information disclosed without written patient consent
- Secure record systems: Medical records protected through encrypted digital systems
- Discreet location: Coimbatore facility provides anonymity from Chennai social/professional circles
- Professional ethics: All staff bound by professional confidentiality obligations
Q6: What happens if relapse occurs after treatment?
A: Relapse is common in addiction recovery and does not constitute personal failure or treatment inadequacy. When relapse occurs:
- Immediate support: Contact Abhasa aftercare team for crisis counselling
- Assessment: Evaluate factors contributing to relapse (triggers, stress, complacency)
- Treatment modification: Consider brief intensive sessions, medication adjustment, or refresher programme
- No judgment: Relapse is viewed as learning opportunity, not character flaw
Research shows individuals who return to treatment after relapse often achieve stronger, more enduring recovery as they apply lessons learned from the experience.[24]
Q7: Do you treat addiction to substances other than alcohol?
A: Yes, Abhasa provides comprehensive de-addiction treatment for:
- Alcohol dependence (most common presentation)
- Opioids (heroin, prescription painkillers)
- Cannabis/marijuana
- Cocaine and stimulants
- Prescription medications (benzodiazepines, sleeping pills)
- Behavioral addictions (gambling, internet/gaming when co-occurring)
Q8: Is treatment religiously or spiritually oriented?
A: Abhasa’s treatment approach is evidence-based and medically-oriented, not affiliated with any religious tradition. However, we respect and support patients’ spiritual practices as part of holistic recovery:
- Secular programmes: Core treatment does not require religious belief or practice
- Spiritual exploration: Optional mindfulness/meditation practices available
- Personal values: Therapy helps patients reconnect with their individual values and meaning systems
- 12-Step option: For those interested, connection to AA/NA fellowships (which include spiritual elements) available
Treatment is designed to honour each patient’s beliefs whilst providing scientifically-validated interventions.
Taking the First Step: Reaching Out for Help
Overcoming the Hesitation
If you are reading this article whilst searching for a de-addiction centre in Chennai, you may be experiencing a range of emotions—fear, hope, confusion, shame, determination. These feelings are completely normal. Addiction affects educated, successful, caring individuals and families across all social strata. Seeking help is not an admission of weakness but rather an act of courage and wisdom.
What to Expect When You Contact Abhasa
Initial Contact: When you call or email Abhasa, you will speak with trained intake coordinators who understand the sensitivity and urgency of your situation. The conversation is:
- Confidential: No information shared without your permission
- Non-judgmental: Compassionate, respectful dialogue
- Informational: Opportunity to ask questions, understand options
- Pressure-free: No obligation; we provide information to support your decision-making
Pre-Admission Consultation: Following initial contact, arrangements can be made for:
- Medical assessment: Brief health evaluation (can occur by phone initially)
- Clinical interview: Discussion of substance use history, treatment goals
- Family consultation: Involving concerned family members as appropriate
- Financial planning: Transparent discussion of costs and payment options
Admission Scheduling: Once the decision to proceed is made, admission can often occur within 24-72 hours, depending on travel arrangements from Chennai.
Making the Decision: Chennai vs. Coimbatore
Many Chennai families initially hesitate about treatment outside the city, preferring proximity to home. However, after experiencing the benefits of Abhasa’s same-state therapeutic distance, they often express gratitude for this choice. Consider:
Chennai De-addiction Centre Advantages:
- Geographical proximity to home
- Familiar immediate surroundings
Abhasa Coimbatore Advantages:
- Therapeutic distance from Chennai triggers, drinking companions, stress environment
- Complete anonymity from professional/social circles
- Same-state cultural continuity (Tamil language, South Indian cuisine, cultural understanding)
- Easy family involvement (55-minute flight, comfortable 7-8 hour drive)
- Serene environment (pollution-free hill station setting vs. urban Chennai)
- Comprehensive aftercare supporting transition back to Chennai life
For most Chennai families, Abhasa represents the optimal balance: far enough for healing focus, close enough for family connection, and culturally familiar throughout.
Conclusion: Recovery is Possible
If you or a loved one is struggling with alcohol or substance dependence, professional de-addiction treatment offers the evidence-based support necessary for sustainable recovery. Whilst Chennai offers various local options, Abhasa Rehab and Wellness in Coimbatore provides Chennai families with a unique combination: Tamil cultural familiarity, same-state convenience, therapeutic distance from Chennai’s triggers, luxury residential amenities, and comprehensive dual diagnosis care.
The journey from addiction to recovery is not instantaneous, nor is it always linear. However, with proper medical care, evidence-based psychological therapy, family involvement, and ongoing aftercare support, thousands of individuals and families have reclaimed lives of health, connection, and meaning.
Recovery is not just possible—for many, it becomes the foundation for a richer, more authentic life than was imaginable during active addiction. The first step is reaching out for help.
For Chennai families ready to begin this journey, Abhasa stands ready to walk alongside you with compassion, expertise, and unwavering commitment to your recovery.
Call us today: +91 73736 44444Email: [email protected]Visit: www.abhasa.in
Your recovery journey begins with a single phone call. We are here to help.
Medical Disclaimer:
This article is provided for informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. If you are experiencing a medical or mental health emergency, please call emergency services (108 in India) or visit the nearest hospital emergency department immediately.
Substance withdrawal can be medically dangerous and should always occur under proper medical supervision. Never attempt to stop alcohol or other substances abruptly without consulting qualified medical professionals.
Developed by Abhasa Rehab and Wellness. Reviewed by Dr. Naveen Kumar, MBBS, DPM (Psychiatry). Based on evidence from AIIMS-NIMHANS, WHO, NIDA, and peer-reviewed addiction research.
References
Research Citations (All Sources):
[1] AIIMS-NIMHANS. (2019). National Survey on Extent and Pattern of Substance Use in India. Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of India.
[2] Tamil Nadu State Marketing Corporation. (2023). TASMAC Annual Report 2022-23. Government of Tamil Nadu.
[3] Benegal, V., et al. (2019). “Alcohol Use Disorders in India: Prevalence, Demographics, and Regional Variations.” Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 61(Suppl 4), S485-S493.
[4] National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences. (2021). Gender-Specific Patterns in Addiction Treatment in South India. NIMHANS, Bangalore.
[5] National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2020). Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment: A Research-Based Guide (3rd ed.). NIH Publication No. 18-4180.
[6] Moos, R. H., & Moos, B. S. (2003). “Long-term influence of duration and intensity of treatment on previously untreated individuals with alcohol use disorders: A 3-year follow-up.” Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 24(4), 337-346.
[7] McLellan, A. T., et al. (2000). “Drug dependence, a chronic medical illness: Implications for treatment, insurance, and outcomes evaluation.” JAMA, 284(13), 1689-1695.
[8] Amato, L., et al. (2011). “Efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of the Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome.” Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 6. Art. No.: CD008537.
[9] Magill, M., & Ray, L. A. (2009). “Cognitive-behavioral treatment with adult alcohol and illicit drug users: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.” Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 70(4), 516-527.
[10] Lundahl, B. W., et al. (2010). “A meta-analysis of motivational interviewing: Twenty-five years of empirical studies.” Research on Social Work Practice, 20(2), 137-160.
[11] Linehan, M. M., et al. (2002). “Dialectical behavior therapy versus comprehensive validation therapy plus 12-step for the treatment of opioid dependent women meeting criteria for borderline personality disorder.” Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 67(1), 13-26.
[12] Khanna, S., & Greeson, J. M. (2013). “A narrative review of yoga and mindfulness as complementary therapies for addiction.” Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 21(3), 244-252.
[13] Grant, L. P., et al. (2004). “Nutrition education is positively associated with substance abuse treatment program outcomes.” Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 104(4), 604-610.
[14] Bratman, G. N., et al. (2019). “Nature and mental health: An ecosystem service perspective.” Science Advances, 5(7), eaax0903.
[15] Drake, R. E., et al. (2008). “A systematic review of psychosocial research on psychosocial interventions for people with co-occurring severe mental and substance use disorders.” Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 34(1), 123-138.
[16] Brady, K. T., et al. (2004). “Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder.” Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 65(Suppl 1), 22-32.
[17] Copello, A. G., et al. (2005). “The family and the treatment of addiction: Towards partnership and participation.” Journal of Mental Health, 14(3), 283-297.
[18] O’Farrell, T. J., & Fals-Stewart, W. (2006). Behavioral Couples Therapy for Alcoholism and Drug Abuse. Guilford Press.
[19] National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers. (2023). NABH Standards for Accreditation. Quality Council of India.
[20] National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2020). “Principles of Effective Treatment.” In Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment: A Research-Based Guide (3rd ed.). NIH Publication No. 18-4180.
[21] Lash, S. J., et al. (2016). “Randomized trial of an intensive aftercare intervention for people with psychiatric and substance use disorders.” Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 84(11), 998-1009.
[22] McLellan, A. T., et al. (2005). “The outcomes of residential treatment: Evidence for disease management?” Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 28(2), 117-123.
[23] Dennis, M. L., et al. (2007). “The duration and correlates of addiction and treatment careers.” Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 33(3), 309-317.
[24] Marlatt, G. A., & Donovan, D. M. (2005). Relapse Prevention: Maintenance Strategies in the Treatment of Addictive Behaviors (2nd ed.). Guilford Press.
[25] Prochaska, J. O., & DiClemente, C. C. (1983). “Stages and processes of self-change of smoking: Toward an integrative model of change.” Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51(3), 390-395.